5. Go on reading, please.
6. The lights went out.
6. Переведите сочетания слов, обращая внимание на перевод существительных в функции определения
1. steam engine invention -
2. land transport improvement problem -
3. pressure gas -
4. engine capacity calculation problem -
5. current events -
6. a flight control center -
7. budget increase -
8. freedom fighter -
9. the oil industry development -
10. the steel surface corrosion -
7. Подчеркните в предложениях сказуемое, содержащее модальный глагол или его эквивалент и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Our team must assemble the device.
2. The workers of this plant are to increase the productivity of labour.
3. Planes couldn’t fly without information about the weather.
4. For many centuries the scientists were unable to discover the secret of the atom.
5. Without electricity man had to work only during day light hours.
6. Scientists are to begin their experiments only after careful collecting all necessary data.
8. Подчеркните в предложениях глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Предложения переведите.
1. I was working in the library the whole day yesterday.
2. They were invited to visit a new plant.
3. The apparatus will be working when you come.
4. All the questions had been discussed when you came.
5. Tsiolkovsky devoted his whole life to the development of Russian science.
6. By the end of the year the production of polymers will have been increased considerably.
7. By the beginning of the nineteenth century physicists had already been able to produce powerful “artificial” magnets.
8. Recently two new telephone centres have been opened in Moscow.
9. The information from space comes to the Earth in a coded form.
10. Interesting and important researches are done all over the world.
9. Прочитайте текст и выполните следующие за ним задания.
Basic Engineering Processes
The processing of metals is considered to be the most important part of fabricating a wide range of products, such as the tiniest parts used in electronics, electrical and radio engineering, watch-making, all kinds of measuring devices, etc., on the one hand, and gigantic parts for turbines, engines, machine-tools and even whole sections of machines to produce machinery, on the other hand.
Metal processing is known to involve the following major techniques: casting, forming, machining, joining and heat treatment.
Casting may be briefly described as shaping by means of transforming the metal from the liquid to solid state in specially designed moulds. Some castings are used as they come from the mould, others require machining and finishing operations.
Forming, contrary to casting, is shaping metals in the solid state, which is possible due to the peculiar property most metals possess, called “ductility”. Forming includes rolling, forging, stamping and pressing.
Machining is removing the excess metal from cast, rolled or forged parts in order to obtain a desired shape. To achieve the desired result various kinds of machine-tools are employed. The most important machine-tools include the milling, boring and grinding machines and the lathe, which is one of the most widely used production machines.
Joining includes welding, soldering, brazing and riverting which are used for attaching one surface to another.
Heat treatment is used to improve the properties of metals by controlled temperature changes. It is possible to impart the metal high mechanical properties required for the operation of modern machinery and tools. There are four major groups of heat treatment, namely: hardening, annealing, tempering and normalizing.
The knowledge of all fabricating processes is believed to be necessary for a processing engineer, in order to choose the most suitable and economical technique.
10. Выпишите из текста 10 интернациональных слов и переведите их.
11. Выпишите из текста 5 существительных, 5 прилагательных и 4 наречия образованных с помощью словообразовательных суффиксов.
12. Выпишите из текста 1 словосочетание модальный глагол или его эквивалент + инфинитив.
13. Подчеркните в тексте 5 сказуемых в страдательном залоге.
14. Ответьте на следующие вопросы, опираясь на текст.
1. What technique is used to shape metals in the liquid form?
2. What technique is used to shape metals in the solid form?
3. What kinds of machine-tools are generally employed?
4. What technique is used to impart metals and alloys desired properties?
5. What do we call a specialist who studies the properties of engineering materials and the existing fabricating processes?
15. Выполните перевод текста.
Variant 5
1. Переведите интернациональные слова на русский язык. Значение выделенного слова, уточните по словарю.
electrical –
constructional –
operation –
application, -
chemical –
metallurgy –
plastic –
real –
physicist –
effect –
2. Проанализируйте слова с различными суффиксами и разделите их на четыре группы: существительные, прилагательные, глаголы, наречия. Выделите суффиксы и переведите
Weaken, region, natural, abundant, population, hardly, official, language, founder, physicist, government, electrify, providence, wholly, constructor, indirectly, administrative, attention, famous, building, beautiful, specialize, carefully, absolutely, different, climatic, changeable, accelerate, German, original, active.
Nouns - существительные | Adjectives - прилагательные | Verb глаголы | Adverbs наречия |
3. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на многозначность выделенного слова.
1. There is a wooden floor in their house.
2. We got a new flat on the second floor.
3. He seldom takes the floor at the meetings.
4. The ship sank on the ocean floor.
5. The warm currents in the Atlantic Ocean influence the climate of Great Britain.
6. The physicist was studying the properties of electric current.
4. Определите, какими частями речи являются выделенные слова, принимая во внимание их место в предложении и формальные признаки. Предложения переведите.
1.A point ( ) is a position in space.
2.Magnetic needles always point ( ) in the direction of the North Pole.
3.We usually measure ( ) volume in cubic centimetres.
4.A kilogram is a unit of weight measure ( ) in the metric system.
5.Einstein gave all his life to the increase ( ) of human knowledge.
6.The discoveries in physics increase ( ) our possibilities in other sciences.
5. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на глаголы с послелогами.
1. Keep away from the fire!
2. His parents keep him down all the time.
3. You should keep from playing football.
4. The doctor advised him to keep off meat for several months.
5. You'd better keep out of their quarrels.
6. Keep to the topic of the conversation.
7. You should keep your car up.
6. Переведите сочетания слов, обращая внимание на перевод существительных в функции определения
1. oil industry enterprises -
2. light speed -
3. gravitation forces -
4. gas pressure measurements -
5. solid properties -
6. temperature limit determination -
7. drug dealers -
8. cover girl -
9. the steel surface corrosion destruction -
10. the pressure losses prevention methods -
7. Подчеркните в предложениях сказуемое, содержащее модальный глагол или его эквивалент и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. By means of a special microscope biologist can examine the smallest organisms.
2. They were to increase the production of instruments.
3. Without a computer scientists will not be able to solve complicated problems.
4. They ought to apply a computer for solving these problems.
5. Scientists will have to create new and more reliable instruments.
6. Alloying has to be used to improve the properties of metals.
8. Подчеркните в предложениях глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Предложения переведите.
1. For many centuries scientists of the world have been successfully working to uncover still unsolved secrets of nature.
2. Many automatic devices are being introduced at our plant.
3. After their arrival from the expedition, they will be studying the results of their observations for several months
4. I was helped by my friend.
5. He will have been working as an electrician for 20 years by the time he is fifty.
6. The visible side of the Moon has been studied ever since Galileo invented the telescope.
7. Constructors are building the 150km ring road around St. Petersburg.
8. The expedition will be sent to Central Asia next year.
9. The machine tool measures its production itself.
10. Steel has been also used successfully in the construction of dams.
9. Прочитайте текст и выполните следующие за ним задания.
Metals and Alloys
From the earliest times metals and their alloys were and are referred to as the basic engineering materials. Lately new branches of industry have been developed, for example, electronic, atomic and space industries. The need for new metallic materials has enormously increased. Metals which were practically unheard of before, such as germanium, plutonium and thorium have come to light. Besides, high-temperature alloys for power plants capable of withstanding oxidation and erosion, new ferro-magnetic materials, constructional steels intended for operating under severe stresses and at extremely high or low temperatures have been developed.
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