+ истинным
ложным
в тексте нет информации
Probable cause and other levels of proof
Before the various steps of the criminal justice system can be initiated – arrest, booking, arraignment and sentencing – different levels of proof are required. The levels of proof recognized by law are as follows:
Suspicion: the lowest level of proof justifying a police spicion may occur when a police officer has only slight evidence to believe that a crime has been or is in the process of being committed. It permits a police officer to initiate an investigation.
Reasonable belief is a specific and reasonable conclusion drawn from observable facts. It permits the police to stop and search a person when they have reason to believe they are dealing with an armed and dangerous persons.
Probable cause: this higher level of proof exists when one has sufficient and reliable information that a crime has been committed and that the accused has committed that crime. It is the standard used for arrest, search and arraignment.
Preponderance of evidence: this means that the weight of evidence is greater for one side than for the other. This is sufficient for making a judgment in civil cases, but enough to convict in criminal case.
Beyond a reasonable doubt: this level of proof exists when, after examining the evidence presented, a reasonable person would rely on it. It is the standard needed to convict in criminal case.
No person can be found guilty of a criminal offence without proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but a person can be arrested and searched, and formally charged with a crime on the basis of evidence that is less than that required to convict him.
1)Утверждение: “Every person can be found guilty of a criminal offence without proof beyond a reasonable doubt”. согласно тексту является
истинным
+ ложным
в тексте нет информации
2) Утверждение: “There are some levels of proof in the criminal justice system ”. согласно тексту является
+ истинным
ложным
в тексте нет информации
3) Cогласно тексту: “The standard needed to convict in criminal case is …”
Reasonable belief
+ Beyond a reasonable doubt
Reasonable belief
4) Cогласно тексту: “The lowest level of proof justifying a police action is …”.
Reasonable belief
+ Suspicion
5) Cогласно тексту: “When the police think and have observable facts they are dealing with an armed and dangerous persons it is…”
+ Reasonable belief
Suspicion
Probable cause
Лист согласования
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